International Journal of Medical Laboratory Research (IJMLR)

FREQUENCY OF ABO AND RH-D BLOOD GROUPS OF NON-SAUDI POPULATION OF MAKKAH CITY–SAUDI ARABIA

 

Dahlawi.H, Tariq.E.Elmahdi

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ABSTRACT: Background:Our blood is typed, or classified, according to the presence or absence ofcertain markers (antigens) found on red blood cells and in the plasma that allow your body to recognize blood as its own. If another blood type is introduced, your immune system recognizes it as foreign and attacks it,resulting in a transfusion reaction.. The two main blood groups are called ABO (with blood types A, B, AB,and O) and Rh (with Rh D-positive or Rh D-negative blood types). The discovery of the ABO blood group system over 100 years ago, caused a great excitement .Until then, all blood had been assumed to be thesame, and the often tragic consequences of blood transfusions were not understood. The Rh blood group system is the most second important system which has a clinical significant in medical life, and probably the most complex of all red blood group systems. It was discovered by Landsteiner and Winerin 1940. Objectives:This study was designed to detect the frequency of ABO, and Rh(D) blood groups of non-Saudi population in Makkah city-KSA . Materials and Methods:A total of: 3818 subjects were included in this study. Samples were collected from non-Saudi populations in different blood banks in Makkah city. From each subject blood was collected, ABO and Rh blood grouping were carried out by tile method using commercially prepared anti-sera based on hemagglutination and hemolysis reactions.The frequency of each type was calculated. Results:Blood group "O" was the most predominant in non-Saudi population in Makkah city (43%) in both Rh positive and negative subjects, followed by blood group A, B and AB with frequencies of 28.2%, 23%, and 5.6% respectively. Majority of the subjects were Rh (D)positive (98.0%), when only 2% were Rh negative.Conclusions:The frequency of ABO blood groupsin both Rh positive and negative subjects among the non-Saudi ethnic groups in Makah city wassimilar to that reported from neighboring regions.

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KEYWORDS: ABO, Rh (D), blood groups, non-Saudi population.

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